Global Burden
Global Burden
Global Burden:
This discussion focuses on the concept of disease burden, which you will learn about in-depth in Chapter 3 of the eText attached.
For this discussion, in addition to Chapter 3, please refer to the “Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories” article provided in the Module 2 Learning Resources folder. Read the article summary and peruse the article.
This is a one-page perusal of both articles to answer the three questions below.
1) What information presented in this article was most surprising to you about disease burden?
2) Why was that information surprising?
3) In your own words, explain how disease burden is measured and how it is used to define global health.
Global Health Metrics
www.thelancet.com Vol 396 October 17, 2020 1223
Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators*
Summary Background Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease.
Methods GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk–outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk–outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk–outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, an
