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IMPORTANT NOTE REGARDING WORD LIMIT REQUIREMENTS:

Please note that each and every assignment has its own word limit.

I am interested in a chronic disease called alcohol-related liver diseases (ARLD) and its association with alcohol by using the cohort longitudinal study design. ARLD is a disease where damages are done to the liver caused by the long duration of excessive drinking. The alcohol causes the liver to become inflamed and swollen leaving scars on the liver called cirrhosis. A cohort longitudinal study will observe the outcome of diseases on the exposed and unexposed group and comparing the data to understand the risk of the alcohol on ARLD (Osna et al., 2017; Celentano& Szklo, 2019).

The risk factor of ARLD is chronic excessive drinking of alcohol over a long period of time. To asses this factor, two groups will be observed in a laboratory setting, the exposed group are lab rats who consume 5-10 bottles of beer a day for 2 years. The unexposed group will be lab rats who consume a mild to moderate amount of alcohol (1-2 beer a day) for 2 years. Over 2-years, the exposed group developed symptoms of ARLD, such as inflammation and swelling of the liver, fat accumulating around the liver, and liver failure. Therefore, the exposed groups’ relative risk and odds ratio are greater than 1, demonstrating that alcohol is a risk of ARLD (Osna et al., 2017; Celentano& Szklo, 2019).

Whereas, the unexposed group did not develop these symptoms or liver diseases, because they were not consuming an excessive amount of alcohol over the two years. Therefore, the unexposed groups’ relative risk and odds ratio were less than 1, demonstrating that this group is not at risk for ARLD. Additionally, the causal inference, for example, is that this study is similar to college students’ binge drinking every day or often in a 2-4-year time frame they are at college, this act would put them at risk for ARLD. Therefore, excessive alcohol consumption over a long duration increases the risk of ARLD and the end result would be death or liver transplant (Osna et al., 2017).

Reference

Celentano, D. D., & Szklo, M. (2019). Gordis epidemiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. ISBN-13: 9780323552295

Osna, A. N., Donohue, M.T., & Kharbanda, K.K. (2017). Alcoholic Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Current Management. Alcohol Research, 38(2), 147-161. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5513682/pdf/arcr-38-2-147.pdf

Respond to the bold paragraph ABOVE by using one of the option below… in APA format with At least two references and a minimum of 200 words….. .(The List of References should not be older than 2016 and should not be included in the word count.)

  • Ask a probing question.
  • Share an insight from having read your colleague’s posting.
  • Offer and support an opinion.

  • Validate an idea with your own experience.
  • Make a suggestion.
  • Expand on your colleague’s posting.


Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the Learning Resources.

It is important that you cover all the topics identified in the assignment. Covering the topic does not mean mentioning the topic BUT presenting an explanation from the context of ethics and the readings for this class

To get maximum points you need to follow the requirements listed for this assignments 1) look at the word/page limits 2) review and follow APA rules 3) create subheadings to identify the key sections you are presenting and 4) Free from typographical and sentence construction errors.

REMEMBER IN APA FORMAT JOURNAL TITLES AND VOLUME NUMBERS ARE ITALICIZED.

 
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